๐Ÿ”’ ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืจื•ืš ืืช ื”ืขืžื•ื“ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
โš ๏ธ ืžืฆื‘ ืชืฆื•ื’ื” ืžืงื“ื™ืžื” - ื”ืขืžื•ื“ ื˜ืจื ืคื•ืจืกื ื•ืื™ื ื• ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื
ืืžื ืชืฉืžืขื™, ืœื ื™ืฆื ืžืžื ื™ ืจื•ืคื โ€” ื”ืžืกืข ืฉืœื™ ืขื ADHD ื•ื›ืกืฃ | ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื’ื•ืœื”
ืฆ'ืงืืค ืคื™ื ื ืกื™
ืฆ'ืงืืค ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื—ื™ื ื

ื‘ื“ืงื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื! ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื - ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื, ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ืขื•ื“.

ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช
ืกืงื™ืจืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื
ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืคื ืกื™ื”
ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™
ADHD ื•ื›ืกืฃ ืงืจื™ืื” ~8 ื“ืงื•ืช ยท ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ 9 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2026

ืืžื ืชืฉืžืขื™, ืœื ื™ืฆื ืžืžื ื™ ืจื•ืคื โ€” ื”ืžืกืข ืฉืœื™ ืขื ADHD ื•ื›ืกืฃ

ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ, ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื‘ืŸ 50 ืขื ADHD, ืžืกืคืจ ืื™ืš ืžืžื—ื•ื ืŸ ืขื ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืื—ืช ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื ื”ืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื โ€” ื•ื’ื™ืœื” ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื•.

ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ

ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™

ืืžื ืชืฉืžืขื™, ืœื ื™ืฆื ืžืžื ื™ ืจื•ืคื โ€” ื”ืžืกืข ืฉืœื™ ืขื ADHD ื•ื›ืกืฃ

ืžื™ ืฉืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืฉื‘ ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื– (ADHD) ืžืฉืœื ืœืจื•ื‘ "ืžืก" ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื ืกืชืจ โ€” ืงื ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื ืฉื›ื—ื•, ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื, ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื™ืžืคื•ืœืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืกืคื™ ืคื ืกื™ื” ืฉืžืคื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืจื ื•ืช โ€” ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ ืžืขื‘ื“ ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืชื’ืžื•ืœ. ืฉื ื™ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื–ืืช: "ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ", ืฉื‘ื• ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ืขืชื™ื“ ืจื—ื•ืง ื ื“ื—ืงื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืœ"ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•", ื•"ื”ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉื”ื”", ืฉื‘ื• ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืžื ืฆื— ืจื•ื•ื— ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ โ€” ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื‘ืŸ 50 ืขื ADHD ืžืื•ื‘ื—ืŸ โ€” ืžืกืคืจ ื›ืืŸ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™, ืžื™ืœื“ ืขื•ืœื” ืžื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืขื ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืขื“ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช. ื”ืžืกืงื ื” ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช: ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื• "ื›ื•ื— ืจืฆื•ืŸ" ืืœื ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช โ€” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื”, ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ โ€” ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ื‘ื“, ื•ืœื ื ื’ื“ื•. ื–ื”ื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœืžื” ืขืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืกืฃ ืžื•ืชืื ืœืžื•ื— ืงืฉื‘ื™ โ€” ืžืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืก ื”ื ืกืชืจ, ื“ืจืš ื”ืคืจืขืช ื”ืงืฉื‘ ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื”ืžืคื•ื–ืจืช, ื•ืขื“ ื”'ืขืจืคืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™' ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ืกืฃ ืœื”ื™ืขืœื ื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘.

4%โ€“6% ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ADHD ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื (ืชื•ืื ืœื”ื™ืืจืขื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช; Shmueli, 2019)
50+ ื’ื™ืœ ื–ืื‘ โ€” ืžืขืœ 20 ืฉื ื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—
1985 ืฉื ืช ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช โ€” ื•ืฉื ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื” ืœืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ืžื—ื•ื ื ื™ื
1 ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืžื” ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืž-12 ืฉื ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ โ€” ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืื—ืช, ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“
20 ืฉื ื” ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื”, ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™

ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ, ื‘ืŸ 50, ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืขื ADHD ืžืื•ื‘ื—ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื”. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจื•ืคื. ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื ื“ืกืื™ ืขื ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืœื‘ื ื” ืžื’ื•ื”ืฆืช. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื ื”ืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช โ€” ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ADHD, ืœื ืœืžืจื•ืชื•. ื–ื• ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœื• ืขืœ ื›ืกืฃ, ืžื•ื—, ื•ืžื” ืฉืืฃ ื™ื•ืขืฅ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืœื ืžืกืคืจ ืœื›ื.

ืืžื, ืชืฉืžืขื™ โ€” ืœื ื™ืฆื ืžืžื ื™ ืจื•ืคื

ืฉื ืช 1985. ืื ื™ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ื“', ืขื•ืœื” ื—ื“ืฉ ืžื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ โ€” ื•ืื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืง, ืฉื”ืชื‘ื”ืจ ืœื™ ืจืง ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ืžืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื”. ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ ืœืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื™? ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืืžื™ืชื™. ืžื” ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื“ืขืชื™: ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ืกืœื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื’ืจื” ื’ื ื”ืกื‘ืชื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ื•ืกื—ื” ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืช ื—ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“.

ืื• ืฉืืชื” ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ืขื ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืœืžื™ื, ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืœื‘ื ื” ืžื’ื•ื”ืฆืช ื•ืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ืื• ื‘ื”ื ื“ืกื” โ€” ืื• ืฉืืชื” ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ "ืงืฉื” ืœื™". ืื™ืŸ "ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœื™". ืื™ืŸ "ืœื•ืžื“ ืื—ืจืช". ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื’ื“ืœืชื™, ื”ืžื•ื ื— ADHD ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื. ืœื ื‘-1985, ื•ืœื ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš.

ืื– ื›ืฉืื•ืชื• ื™ืœื“ ืฉื ืฉืœื— ืœืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ืžื—ื•ื ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ื“' โ€” ืขืฆื ื”ื”ืคื ื™ื” ืžืขื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื ืื™ื ื˜ืœื™ื’ื ืฆื™ื” ืœื ืจื’ื™ืœื” โ€” ืžืกื™ื™ื ืฉืชื™ื-ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืื—ืช. ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื”ืจืขืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ืขืฆื•ื. ื”ื‘ื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ื‘ื“ื”. ื•ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืœืชื™, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ โ€” "ืื•ืœื™ ืื ื™ ืขืฆืœืŸ? ืื•ืœื™ ืื ื™ ื˜ื™ืคืฉ? ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื ื•ื’ื?" โ€” ื”ืœื›ื• ืื™ืชื™ ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.

ืืžื ื—ืœืžื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื™ ืขื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืกืงื•ืค. ืื ื™ ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืขื ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืฉื ืจืืชื” ื›ืžื• ืœืฆื ื”. ื”ืื“ืžื” ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืจืขื“ื” โ€” ื”ื™ื ื ืฉืžื˜ื”.

  • ืขื•ืœื” ืžื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช, 1985 โ€” ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื‘ืชื ื‘ืกืœื•ืŸ
  • ื›ื™ืชื” ื“' โ€” ืคื ื™ื” ืœืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ืžื—ื•ื ื ื™ื: ืื™ื ื˜ืœื™ื’ื ืฆื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืœืœื ืกืคืง
  • ื’ื™ืœ 18 โ€” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืื—ืช. ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ. ื–ื”ื•.
  • ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช: ืขืฆืœืŸ? ื˜ื™ืคืฉ? โ€” ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ

ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืžื˜ืจื™, ืชืœ-ื—ื™, ื•ื”ืื’ืจื•ืฃ ื‘ื‘ื˜ืŸ

ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื™, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื’ืขื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ืžื•ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื‘ืขื•ืจ. ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™: ืžืกืคื™ืง. ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”. ื ื™ื’ืฉืชื™ ืœืคืกื™ื›ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ โ€” ื•ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืžืขืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ืฉืœืžืชื™ ื‘ื’ืจื•ื™ื•ืช โ€” ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช. ื”ืืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ื ืคืœ: ื˜ื™ืคืฉ ืื ื™ ืœื. ืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื™ ื—ื›ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช โ€” ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื•ืช ืœื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืฅ.

ืขื ื”ื—ื–ื” ื”ืžื•ืจื, ื ืจืฉืžืชื™ ืœืชื•ืืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ืžื›ืœืœืช ืชืœ-ื—ื™ (ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”). ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™: "ื”ื ื”, ื–ืื‘. ื”ื ื” ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœืš. ืชื•ืืจ, ืงืจื™ื™ืจื”, ืชืฉืžื— ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื." ื—ืœืžืชื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜. ืขืœ ืœืชืจื’ืœ ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื. ืื•ืœื™ ืœืœืžื“.

ื•ืื– ื”ื’ื™ืข ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืกืžืกื˜ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.

ืคืชื—ืชื™ ืืช ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื. ืืจื‘ืขื” ืงื•ืจืกื™ื. ื‘ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” โ€” 98. ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื”ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื”, ื”ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช, ื–ื• ืฉืื—ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื ืžืžื ื”. ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื? ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืช. ืฆื•ืจื‘ื™ื. ื›ื•ืื‘ื™ื. ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืฉื ื‘ืชืœ-ื—ื™ ื•ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืงืœืคื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื™ืชื™ ืงื•ืจืก. ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืืคืฉืจื™? ืื™ืš ืื“ื ืฉืžื•ืฆื™ื 98 ื‘ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืงื•ืจืกื™ื "ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ"? ื”ืื ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ื”ื•ื?

ืœืฉืžื—ืชื™, ืžื›ืœืœืช ืชืœ-ื—ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” (ื•ืขื•ื“ื ื”) ืžืจื›ื– ืชื•ืžืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืขื ืœืงื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื™ื“ื”. ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ ืฉืœื™ ื•ืืžืจ: "ื–ืื‘, ื‘ื•ื ื ืœืžื“ ืื•ืชืš ืžื•ืฉื’ ื—ื“ืฉ. ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืฉื‘ ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื–. ืœืš ืชืขืฉื” ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ." ื”ืœื›ืชื™. ืขืฉื™ืชื™.

ื•ื”ืคืชืขื” โ€” ื’ื ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ADHD.

ืžื–ื“ื”ื™ื ืขื ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ?

ืื ื’ื ืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ืคื•ืขืœ ืื—ืจืช โ€” ื•ืฉื–ื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื›ื โ€” ื–ืื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืกื“ืจ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ื.

ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืœืฉื™ื—ื”

ืจื’ืข, ืฉื ื™ื™ื” โ€” ืื ื™ ืžื•ืคืจืข?

ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื™ ืœื ืžื•ื•ืชืจ? ืื– ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”. ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ืขื ื“ืคื™ ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ, ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™: "ืžื”, ืื ื™ ืžื•ืคืจืข? ืœืžื” ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื–ื” ื”ืคืจืขื”?"

ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืขืฉืชื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช: ื ืชื ื” ืœื™ ืจื™ื˜ืœื™ืŸ. ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™, ื”ืจื™ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ืœื ืขื–ืจ โ€” ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื˜ื”. ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ื–ื•ืžื‘ื™ ืžื”ืœืš. ืื‘ื“ืชื™ ืืช ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ. ืื‘ื“ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืฅ. ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื™ ืคื•ืขืœ ืชื—ืช ืžืฉืชื™ืง ืงื•ืœ. ื ื˜ืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืชืงื•ืคืช ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืื—ืช โ€” ื•ื–ืจืงืชื™ ืœืคื—.

ื‘ืœื™ ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื, ืขื ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ืงื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืงืคืื™ืŸ, ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ. ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืข, ืื•ืœื™ ืขืœ ืฉืฉ โ€” ืื‘ืœ ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™. ื—ืœื•ื ื”ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜? ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืงื‘ืœืช ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืœื™ โ€” ื”ืคืœื-ื•ืคืœื ื”ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื”ื–ื” โ€” ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื’ืžืจ ืื™ืชื™.

  • ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ADHD ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื-ื•ืžืฉื”ื• โ€” ื”ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช
  • ืจื™ื˜ืœื™ืŸ โ€” ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“, ืชื•ืฆืื”: ื–ื•ืžื‘ื™. ืœื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš.
  • ืชื•ืืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ โ€” ื”ื•ืฉืœื ืœืœื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช, ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงืคืื™ืŸ ื•ื’ืื•ื•ื”
  • ADHD ืœื ื ืขืœืžืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื โ€” ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืžืฉื ื” ืฆื•ืจื”

ืžื ื•ืจื” ืžื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื, ื”ืžื‘ื•ืš ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™, ื•ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืœ

ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืชื™, ืฉื”ืคืจืขืช ื”ืงืฉื‘ ืฉืœื™ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื”. "ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืจ ืœืงืจื•ื โ€” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ." ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื˜ืขื™ืชื™. ื˜ืขื™ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ADHD ืœื ื ืขืœืžืช โ€” ื”ื™ื ื’ื“ืœื”, ืžืชืคืชื—ืช, ื•ืžื•ืฆืืช ืžื’ืจืฉื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื—ืง ื‘ื”ื.

ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงืจืŸ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” "ืžื ื•ืจื” ืžื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื" โ€” ื•ืงืจื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืคืชื™ืข: ื”ืชืื”ื‘ืชื™. ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ืฆื™ืคื™ืชื™ ืœื”. ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœ ืคืจื™ืฉื” ื—ืกืจื™ ืื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื ื™ื™ืจืช ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•. ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžื“ืžืžื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘. ื”ื‘ื ืชื™: ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืจื’ื ืฉืœื”ื. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื™. ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื™.

ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืขืฆืžืื™, ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืžื˜ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ. ื•ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ: ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื. ืืจื•ื›ื™ื, ืงืฉื™ื, ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื™ื‘ืฉ. ื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืขืœื• โ€” ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกืžืกื˜ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื—ืจื“ื”, ื”ืคื—ื“. ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื™ ืฆืขืง: "ื‘ืจื—, ื–ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขืœื™ืš."

ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื–ืงื” ืžื”ืคื—ื“. ืคื™ืจืงืชื™ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ, ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœื™, ื•ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืœ. ืืžื, ืชืฉืžืขื™ โ€” ืœื ืจื•ืคื ื™ืฆื ืžืžืš. ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฆื ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืฉืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื–ื” ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื.

ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื โ€” ืœื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื?

ื–ืื‘ ืžืชืžื—ื” ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ ืœืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™. ืฉื™ื—ืช ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” โ€” ืœืœื ืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœืœื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช.

ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ื‘ืจ

ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืขืฆืžืื•ืช, ื•"ืžืก ื”-ADHD"

"ืžืก ื”-ADHD" (ADHD Tax) ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจืช ืฉืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืฉื‘ โ€” ืงื ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื ืฉื›ื—ื•, ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื, ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื™ืžืคื•ืœืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืกืคื™ ืคื ืกื™ื” ืœื ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื โ€” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ ืžืขื‘ื“ ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืชื’ืžื•ืœ, ื•ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช. ื•ื›ืš ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™:

ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืขื‘ืจื•. ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžืื™. ื”ืงืžืชื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื•ื’ืื” ื‘ื” ืขื“ ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื โ€” ืื™ืฉื”, ืฉื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ืคืœืื™ื, ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืœืื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื”ืคืจืขืช ื”ืงืฉื‘ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื‘ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”. ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืจืง ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื—ืŸ โ€” ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื.

ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืžืœื•ื•ื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื: ืงื•ืฉื™ ืื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš, ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืขื•ืžืก ืฉืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื•ืฆื“ืงืช, ืงื•ืฉื™ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืชืขื“ืฃ. ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื•ื— ืงืฉื‘ื™, ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืœืฉืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื—ืฉืžืœ, ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืงื‘ืข, ืื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืœืžื” ื—ื•ื™ื‘ืชื ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจืื™ โ€” ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืกื•ื—ื˜ื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉื™ืฉ.

ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœืขื•ืžืง. ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืฉืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืœื‘ื™: "ืžืก ื”-ADHD" (ADHD Tax). ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ื ืกืชืจ ืฉืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืงืฉื‘ ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื– โ€” ืงื ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื›ื—ื•, ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื•, ื›ืกืคื™ ืคื ืกื™ื” ืฉืžืคื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืจื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื’ืจืžื” ืœื ื• ืฉื™ืชื•ืง. ื–ื” ืœื ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช. ื–ื• ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.

ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืžื•ื— ื”-ADHD ื—ื•ื•ื” "ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ": ื™ืฉ "ืขื›ืฉื™ื•" ื•ื™ืฉ "ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•". ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ืกื™ื” โ€” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœ"ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•", ืชืžื™ื“. ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืงืจื "ื”ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉื”ื”" (Delayed Discounting) โ€” ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื• ืžืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืขืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื”ื•ื•ื”. ื–ื” ืœื ื—ื•ืœืฉื”; ื›ืš ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ ืžื—ื•ื•ื˜ (Sonuga-Barke, 2003; Barkley, 2012).

  • ืžืก ื”-ADHD: ืงื ืกื•ืช, ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืคื ืกื™ื” ืžืคื•ื–ืจืช โ€” ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ืกืชืจ
  • ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ: "ืขื›ืฉื™ื•" ืžื•ืœ "ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•" โ€” ืคื ืกื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื ื•ืคืœืช ืœืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™
  • ื”ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉื”ื”: ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื ืฆื— ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™
  • ื–ื” ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ืœื ืื•ืคื™ โ€” ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ื–ื”

ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช: ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”"ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื™ื" ืฉืœื›ื

ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™, ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช. ืžื‘ืจื™ืงื™ื, ื™ื–ืžื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืงื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืฉืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื›ืกืฃ โ€” ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื•ืš ื”ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื. ืœื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืœื ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืœื”ืคืš.

ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื‘ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื ื•. ื˜ื‘ืœืื•ืช ืืงืกืœ ื—ื•ื ืงื•ืช, ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืฉืžื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืžื•ืกืจ ืขืœ "ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘", ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืฉืกื•ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืžื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ. ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืจืง ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืืช ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ื‘ื•ืฉื” ื•ื”ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช.

ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ. ืื ื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ื•ืื•ืžืจ: "ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื. ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื." ืื ื™ ืคื•ืขืœ ื›"ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื™ื" ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉืœื”ื โ€” ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฉืขืžืžืช ืžื•ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—, ื”ืžืกืœืงื” ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ื”ืจ ื”ื›ืกืฃ โ€” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ืคื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื”ื.

ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื™. ืื ื™ ืœื ืืžื ื” ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ืืŸ โ€” ื”ืŸ ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืžื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืกื“ืจื”. ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื ื–ื”: ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืฉื‘ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ. ื”ื™ื ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืขื ืง โ€” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื”ืคืขืœื” ืฉืœื•.

ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืกื“ืจ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™?

ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ โ€” 20 ืฉื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—, ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ืขื ADHD. ืฉื™ื—ืช ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืœื ืขืœื•ืช.

ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืคืจื˜ื™ื

ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื? ืžื™ื ื™-ื‘ื“ื™ืงื”: ADHD ื•ื›ืกืฃ

ื—ืžืฉ ืฉืืœื•ืช ืงืฆืจื•ืช, ื›ืŸ ืื• ืœื. ืื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช โ€” ืจืง ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ ืฉืœื›ื ืžืฉืœื "ืžืก" ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืชืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘.

ื–ื• ืจืง ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” โ€” ืžื” ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ืชื›ืกื”?

ื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืจืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื“ืจืช "ADHD ื•ื›ืกืฃ". ื›ืœ ืžืืžืจ ื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืฆื•ืžืช ืื—ืจืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ ื ืคื’ืฉ ืขื ื›ืกืฃ โ€” ื•ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื ืฆื—.

ื‘ืคืจืงื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื: ื›ืžื” ืžืก ื”-ADHD ืขื•ืœื” ืœื›ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืื™ืš ืขื•ืฆืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ืžื”ื™ ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืฉื‘ ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ื•ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืคืฉื•ื˜ "ื ืขืœื" โ€” ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”"ืขืจืคืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™" ื•ืื™ืš ืžืคื–ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื”.

ืื ืืชื ืžื–ื“ื”ื™ื ืขื ืžื” ืฉืงืจืืชื โ€” ืืชื ืœื ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืืชื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช

ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ ื•ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืœ ADHD ื•ื›ืกืฃ?

ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื‘ืŸ 50 ืขื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” ืž-20 ืฉื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—. ื”ื•ื ืื•ื‘ื—ืŸ ืขื ADHD ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช, ื•ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ โ€” ืžืชื•ืš ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื›ืื—ื“.

ืžื”ื• ADHD ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืž-ADHD ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื?

ADHD ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืžืชื‘ื˜ื ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ืคืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš, ื“ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืช, ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื’ื™ืจื•ื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ CHADD ื•ืžื—ืงืจื™ ืžืขืงื‘ ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ 35% ืœ-65% ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ADHD ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืชืกืžื™ื ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช (Owens et al., 2015; Sibley et al., 2021). ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืจืง ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-20, ื”-30 ื•ืืฃ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืžื”ื• 'ืžืก ื”-ADHD' ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™?

ืžืก ื”-ADHD (ADHD Tax) ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ื ืกืชืจ ืฉืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืงืฉื‘ ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื–: ืงื ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื›ื—ื•, ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื•, ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืžืคื•ืœืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืคื ืกื™ื” ืžืคื•ื–ืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืจื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช โ€” ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืง. ื–ื” ืœื ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช, ื–ื• ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.

ืื™ืš ืžื•ื— ืขื ADHD ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™?

ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™ ื—ื•ื•ื” 'ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ' โ€” ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ 'ืขื›ืฉื™ื•' ืœ'ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•', ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืคื ืกื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื ื“ื—ื™ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, 'ื”ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉื”ื”' ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ืขื“ืคืช ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ืขืชื™ื“ื™. ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ืžื•ืชืื ADHD ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช, ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื” ื•ืžื™ืงืจื•-ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืงืฆืจื•ืช.

ื”ืื ืจื™ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืชืงื™ืŸ ืขื ADHD?

ืœื. ืจื™ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืื—ื“ โ€” ืœื ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“. ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืงื—ืช ืจื™ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ืชืงื•ืคืช ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืื—ืช ื•ืกื™ื™ื ืชื•ืืจ, ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื ื”ืœ ืขืกืง ืœืœื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™: ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืฆื™ื”, ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื•ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช.

ืžื” ื”ืกื“ืจื” 'ADHD ื•ื›ืกืฃ' ืฉืœ ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ ืชื›ืกื”?

ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืชืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืกืฃ ืžื•ืชืื ืœืžื•ื— ืงืฉื‘ื™: ืื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืžืก ื”-ADHD, ืžื”ื™ ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื ืคื ืกื™ื” ืžืคื•ื–ืจืช, ื•ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ 'ื ืขืœื' (ืขืจืคืœ ื›ืกืคื™). ื›ืœ ืžืืžืจ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉืœ ื–ืื‘.

ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ
ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ

ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ื™ื‘ืœ

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืขื ADHD ืžืื•ื‘ื—ืŸ, ื‘ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” ืž-20 ืฉื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—. ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืฉื‘ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ื‘ื“.

ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืกื“ืจ ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœืžื•ื— ื”ืงืฉื‘ื™?

ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ื–ืื‘ ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืืœื™ื›ื ืœืฉื™ื—ืช ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืงืฆืจื”, ืœืœื ืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช.

ืžืœืื• ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ื ืฆื™ื’ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืืœื™ื›ื